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BBC_Ȳ¿ì¼® ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î Çß´õ´Ï Áٱ⼼Æ÷ ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
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2006-01-08
BBC_Ȳ¿ì¼® ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î Çß´õ´Ï Áٱ⼼Æ÷ ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. [Æۿ±Û] http://www.zzangno.com/zeroboard/view.php?id=board_free&page=2&sn1=&divpage=3&sn=off&ss=on&sc=on&select_arrange=headnum&desc=asc&no=11996 BBC_Ȳ¿ì¼® ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î Çß´õ´Ï Áٱ⼼Æ÷ ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. Áø½Ç°úÁ¤ÀÇ 12-25 11:50 | HIT : 25 http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3481159.stm Q&A: Cloned human embryos http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3481159.stm Last Updated: Thursday, 19 May 2005, 21:11 GMT 22:11 UK Q&A: Cloned human embryos º¹Á¦µÈ Àΰ£¹è¾Æ People with heart conditions, Parkinson's, or spinal cord injuries could benefit ½ÉÀå Áúȯ , ÆÄŲ½¼¾¾º´ ȤÀº ô¼ö ¼Õ»óÀ» ÀÔÀº »ç¶÷µéÀº ÇýÅÃÀ» ¹ÞÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. UK researchers have successfully made cloned human embryos, following in the steps of South Korean scientists who created 30 human embryo clones last year. ¿µ±¹ °úÇÐÀÚµéÀº Áö³­ ÇØ 30°³ÀÇ Àΰ£ ¹è¾Æ Áٱ⠺¹Á¦ ¼¼Ç¥¸¦ ¸¸µé¾î³½ Çѱ¹ °úÇÐÀÚÀÇ ´Ü°è¸¦ ¹â¾Æ ¼º°øÀûÀ¸·Î Àΰ£ ¹è¾Æ¸¦ º¹Á¦Çß´Ù, BBC News looks at the significance of the announcement. BBC New´Â ¹ßÇ¥ÀÇ Á߿伺¿¡ ÁÖ¸ñÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. 1. What have the UK researchers done? ¿µ±¹ °úÇÐÀÚµéÀ» ¾î¶² ÀÏÀ» ´Þ¼ºÇÏ¿´´Â°¡? Professor Alison Murdoch and colleagues at Newcastle University took donor eggs and switched the genetic material of these cells with DNA from embryonic stem cells. ´ºÄ³½½ ´ëÇÐÀÇ Alison MUrdoch ±³¼ö¿Í µ¿·á ¿¬±¸¿øµéÀº ³­ÀÚ ±âÁõÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ ¹è¾ÆÁٱ⼼Æ÷ÀÇ DNA¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¼¼Ç¥ÀÇ À¯Àü¹°ÁúÀ» Àüȯ½ÃÄ×´Ù. Three of the resultant clones grew for three days and one survived another two days. °á°ú¹°ÀÇ º¹Á¦¼¼Æ÷ Áß ¼¼ °³´Â 3ÀÏ°£ ¼ºÀåÇÏ¿© ±× Áß Çϳª´Â ±× ÈÄ ÀÌƲÀ» »ýÁ¸Çß´Ù. Embryos at the five day stage are composed of a ball of cells and called a blastocyst. 5ÀÏ ´Ü°è¿¡ À̸£´Â ¹è¾Æ´Â ¼¼Æ÷ µ¢¾î¸®·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ¾î ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ¹è¹ÝÆ÷(ÛÏÚïøà);³¶Æ÷(Ò¥øà) ·Î ºÒ¸®¿öÁø´Ù. 2. How does this differ from the Seoul researchers' work? ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¿¬±¸´Â Çѱ¹ °úÇÐÀÚÀÇ ¾÷Àû¿Í ¾î¶»°Ô ´Ù¸¥°¡? Professor Hwang Woo-suk and colleagues created embryos that were the exact genetic copies of the women who donated the eggs and cells to make them. Ȳ¿ì¼® ±³¼ö¿Í µ¿·á ¿¬±¸¿øµéÀº ³­ÀÚ¿Í Ã¼¼¼Æ÷¸¦ ±âÁõÇÏ¿© ¸¸µç ¿©¼ºµéÀÇ À¯ÀüÀÚ¿Í À¯ÀüÀûÀ¸·Î µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ¹è¾Æ¸¦ ¸¸µé¾î³Â´Ù. They produced 30 embryo clones that divided over several days to a stage where special cells known as embryonic stem cells could be extracted. ±×µéÀº ¹è¾ÆÁÙ±â¶ó°í ¾Ë·ÁÁø Ưȭ ¼¼Æ÷°¡ ÃßÃâµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ´Ü°è¿¡ À̸£±â±îÁö 3-4ÀÏ¿¡ °ÉÃÄ ºÐÈ­µÈ 30°³ÀÇ ¹è¾Æº¹Á¦ ¼¼Æ÷¸¦ ¸¸µé¾î ³Â´Ù. 3. How credible is the research? ¿¬±¸Àº ¾ó¸¶³ª ½Å·Ú¼ºÀÌ Àִ°¡? Several groups have made claims in the past for similar work. 3-4 ¿¬±¸´ÜüµéÀº °ú°Å¿¡ ºñ½ÁÇÑ ¿¬±¸¿¡ Àǹ®À» Á¦±âÇß¾ú´Ù. In some cases, no evidence was presented to back up the assertions. ¸î °¡Áö °æ¿ì¿¡ ÀÖ¾î, ±×·¯ÇÑ ÁÖÀåÀ» µÞ¹ÞħÇÒ¸¸ÇÑ Áõ°Å°¡ Á¦½ÃµÇÁö´Â ¸øÇß´Ù. In others, where supporting data was published, the embryos stopped dividing at a very early stage. ÀÔÁõ ÀÚ·á°¡ ¹ßÇàµÈ ´Ù¸¥ Ãâó¿¡ À־, ±×·¯ÇÑ ¹è¾ÆµéÀº Ãʱ⠴ܰ迡¼­ ºÐÈ­¸¦ ¸ØÃß¾ú´Ù. The Koreans, on the other hand, have shown their embryos to be long lasting. ÇÑÆí, Çѱ¹°úÇÐÀÚµéÀº ÀڽŵéÀÇ ¹è¾ÆµéÀÌ º¸´Ù ¿À·¡ »ýÁ¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. What is more, they have subjected their work to independent scrutiny and a paper detailing their experiments has been published by the international journal Science. °Ô´Ù°¡, ±×µéÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¿¬±¸¸¦ µ¶¸³ÀûÀº ±â°üµé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Á¶»ç¸¦ ÀÇ·ÚÇßÀ¸¸ç, ±×¸®°í ±×µéÀÇ ½ÇÇèÀ» »ó¼¼È÷ ¼³¸íÇØÁÖ´Â ³í¹®ÀÌ ±¹Á¦ °úÇÐ Àü¹®Áö¿¡ ½Ç¸®°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. Dr Murdoch's team's work is also published at Reproductive BioMedicine online Murdoch ¹Ú»ç ¿¬±¸ÆÀÀÇ ¿¬±¸´Â ¶ÇÇÑ À¥»óÀÇ Reproductive BioMedicine¿¡ ½Ç·ÁÁ³´Ù. 4. What makes these techniques successful? ¿Ö ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¿¬±¸±â¼úÀ» ¼º°øÀ̶ó°í ÀÎÁ¤¹Þ´Â°¡? Both the South Korean team and the UK researchers credit their successes to the use of extremely fresh donor eggs. Çѱ¹ÀÇ ¿¬±¸ ÆÀ°ú ¿µ±¹ÀÇ ¿¬±¸¿øµéÀº °øÈ÷ ÀڽŵéÀÇ ¼º°øÀº ½Å¼±ÇÑ ³­ÀÚÀÇ »ç¿ë ´öºÐÀ̶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù. 5. What is the point of the research? ¿¬±¸ÀÇ ¸ñÀû(ÃÐÁ¡)Àº ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡? The ultimate aim would be to harvest stem cells - "master" cells that can divide into virtually any of the body's tissues - from the cloned embryos to treat diseases. This is known as therapeutic cloning. ±Ã±ØÀûÀÎ ¸ñÀûÀº Áúº´À» Ä¡·áÇϱâ À§Çؼ­ º¹Á¦µÈ ¹è¾Æ·ÎºÎÅÍ »ç½Ç»ó ¾î¶² ü¼¼·ÎµçÁö ºÐ¾ÆÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÁÖ¼¼Æ÷ÀÎ Áٱ⼼Æ÷¸¦ ¾ò¾î³»´Â °ÍÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù - The Koreans successfully extracted embryonic stem cells from their embryos. Çѱ¹ °úÇÐÀÚµéÀº ÀڽŵéÀÇ ¹è¾Æ·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹è¾ÆÁٱ⼼Æ÷¸¦ ¼º°øÀûÀ¸·Î ÃßÃâÇس´Ù. They demonstrated the beginnings of this differentiation and saw it progress still further when the cells were transplanted into mice. ±×µéÀº ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ºÐÈ­ÀÇ Ãʱ⠴ܰ踦 ½ÇÁõÇØ º¸¿´À¸¸ç, ±×·¯ÇÑ ¼¼Æ÷µéÀÌ Áã¿¡°Ô À̽ĵǾúÀ» ¶§ °è¼Ó ¼ºÀåÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸ñ°ÝÇß´Ù. The Korean researchers view therapeutic cloning as very different from reproductive cloning - attempting to bring about the birth of a cloned baby. Çѱ¹°úÇÐÀÚµéÀº Ä¡·á¸¦ À§ÇÑ º¹Á¦´Â º¹Á¦µÈ ¾ÆÀÌÀÇ Ãâ»ýÀ» À§ÇÑ ½ÃµµÀÎ »ý½ÄÀ» À§ÇÑ º¹Á¦¿Í´Â ¸Å¿ì »óÀÌÇÏ´Ù. 6. How far away is therapeutic cloning? Ä¡·á¸¦ À§ÇÑ º¹Á¦´Â ¾ðÁ¦ ÁîÀ½ÀÌ¸é °¡´ÉÇÑ°¡? Experts believe it will be many years before stem cell treatments d on cloning technology are available. Àü¹®°¡µéÀº º¹Á¦±â¼ú¿¡ ±Ù°ÅÇÑ Áٱ⼼Æ÷ Ä¡·á°¡ »ó¿ëÈ­µÇ±â±îÁö´Â ÀûÁö ¾ÊÀº ½Ã°£ÀÌ °É¸± °ÍÀ̶ó°í ¹Ï°í ÀÖ´Ù. If the cells come from a cloned embryo they should not be rejected by the patient because they match exactly that individual's genetic make-up. ±×·¯ÇÑ ¼¼Æ÷°¡ º¹Á¦µÈ ¹è¾Æ·ÎºÎÅÍ ¸¸µé¾îÁø´Ù¸é, ±×·¯ÇÑ ¼¼Æ÷´Â Àΰ£ÀÇ À¯ÀüÀû ±¸¼º°ú Á¤È®È÷ ÀÏÄ¡Çϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ȯÀÚ¿¡ ÁÖÀÔµÇ¸é °ÅºÎ¹ÝÀÀÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å°Áö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. At the moment, patients have to take powerful drugs to prevent their body's immune system from attacking tissues transplanted from another person. ÇöÀç·Î¼­´Â, ȯÀÚµéÀº ÀڽŵéÀÇ ¸é¿ªÃ¼°è°¡ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÀÌ½ÄµÈ Á¶Á÷¼¼Æ÷¸¦ °ø°ÝÇÏÁö ¸øÇϵµ·Ï Çϱâ À§Çؼ­´Â µ¶ÇÑ ¾àÀ» ¸Ô¾î¾ß ÇÏ´Â »óȲÀÌ´Ù. 7. Are there not ethical concerns here? ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Á¡¿¡¼­ À±¸®Àû ¿ì·Á´Â ¾ø´Â°¡? All embryo research draws the criticism that it is tampering with cells which have the potential to be human beings. ¸ðµç ¹è¾ÆÁٱ⠿¬±¸´Â ±×°ÍÀÌ Àΰ£À¸·Î ¼ºÀåÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °¡´É¼ºÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â ¼¼Æ÷¸¦ Á¶ÀÛÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡¼­ ºñÆÇÀÇ ¼ÒÁö¸¦ ¾È°í ÀÖ´Ù. The Korean and UK experiments were given approval by an ethical review board and all the women who donated cells and eggs gave informed consent - but this will mean nothing to those who are uncomfortable with this kind of science. Çѱ¹°ú ¿µ±¹ÀÇ ½ÇÇèÀº À±¸®À§¿øȸ·ÎºÎÅÍ ½ÂÀÎÀ» ¹Þ¾ÒÀ¸¸ç, ü¼¼Æ÷¿Í ³­ÀÚ¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç ¿©¼ºµéÀº ³»¿ëÀ» ÀÌÇØÇÑ µ¿ÀǸ¦ Çß¾úÁö¸¸ ÀÌ·¸´Ù°í Çؼ­ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ºÎ·ùÀÇ °úÇп¡ ´ëÇؼ­ Âù¼ºÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô Àǹ̸¦ ºÎ¿©ÇØÁÖÁö´Â ¸øÇÑ´Ù. 8. Could this latest work bring a cloned baby closer? ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÃÖ±ÙÀÇ ¿¬±¸°¡ º¹Á¦ Àΰ£ÀÇ ½Ã±â°¡ °¡±î¿ü´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀǹÌÇϴ°¡? Potentially, yes. ÀáÀçÀûÀÎ °¡´É¼ºÀº ÀÖ´Ù. Scientists have been struggling to clone monkeys. °úÇÐÀÚµéÀº ¿ø¼þÀÌ º¹Á¦¿¡ ¸ÅÁøÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. It is clear there are particular difficulties involved in making genetic copies of primates. ¿µÀå·ù¿¡ ´ëÇÑ À¯ÀüÀÚ º¹Á¦¿¡ °ü·ÃÇؼ­´Â Ưº°ÇÑ ¾î·Á¿òÀÌ ÀÖÀ½Àº ºÐ¸íÇÏ´Ù. The Korean and UK research shows some of these technical hurdles can be overcome and those minded to produce cloned babies will attempt to use the new information to make children. Çѱ¹°ú ¿µ±¹ÀÇ ¿¬±¸´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ±â¼úÀû Àå¾Ö´Â ±Øº¹µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¿©ÁÖ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, º¹Á¦ Àΰ£ÀÇ Åº»ýÀ» ¿°¿øÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀº Àΰ£ º¹Á¦¸¦ À§Çؼ­ »õ·Î¿î Á¤º¸¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ·Á°í ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù
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